Thursday, 19th July, 2007
I whole-heartedly agree with the following–despite it being against the conventional wisdom of how you are supposed to allocate your retirement savings:
November 3, 2005
(This essay originally appeared in the November 14, 2005, issue of Forbes.)
“Conventional wisdom offered to retirement savers is to start out at age 25 mostly in stocks, then wind down to a bond-heavy portfolio at age 65.
“This strategy, we think, is too tame. You should be more than 100% in equities when you are young. An exposure of 200% to start would be a better idea. That’s right–if you are young, you should be buying on margin. Pay down the debt as you age and then ease off to a 50-50 stock-and-bond mix at the beginning of your retirement.
“Margin buying? For retirement? It sounds terribly risky, but it in fact reduces the risk that you will end up poor. And it leaves you with much better diversification across time.
“It is obvious that you’re not well diversified if you invest $100 in one stock, $200 in another and $300 in a third. You’d have less risk investing $200 in each of the three stocks. Indeed, spreading risk over stock is what leads people to buy broad-based index funds.
“The same idea of equal investments applies to investments across time. If you have $100 invested in year one, $200 invested in year two, and $300 invested in year three, you have too much exposure to year three and not enough to year one. This is what you get if you put $100 a year into savings and stay fully invested. You could get the same exposure to the market with less risk by owning $200 worth of stock in each of the three years. You could do this by buying on 50% margin in the first year, paying off the debt with your year two savings, then going to 33% cash or bonds in the third year.
“Most investors have a lot less at risk in their retirement accounts in their early working years than in later years. In essence, they’re missing an opportunity to diversify across time–they’re putting too large a bet on the return on stocks in later years.
“At first, it seems that this is just a fact of life. You can’t have an equal amount invested in all years, because in the early years you can’t invest what you don’t have.
“But this ignores the possibility of leverage….[Rest of article]